Barley is one of the popular crops cultivated since ancient time in the world. Barley is one of the main cereal crops produced in the World and it is one of the most ancient crops among cereals and has played a significant role in the development of agriculture in the world. It is commonly used for food, animal feed and beverage value. The most important factors that reduce yield of barley is poor soil fertility, blanket recommendation of fertilizers, soil acidity (low soil pH), diseases and insects, poor crop management practices. The main objective of this paper is to review the effect of NPS fertilizer rates on food barley yield and yield components. Balanced fertilization is the key to sustainable crop production and maintenance of soil health. The yield of crop is depending upon the combined effect of many factors. Among these factors, the production and productivity is declining from time to time because of lack of combined application of input like recommended amount of fertilizers and management practices. Based on the review on the effect NPS fertilizer rate on phenology, growth and yield parameters of food barley. It has both economic and environmental consideration. The application of NPS fertilizer rates shows significant effect on growth, yield and yield components of food barley. It influence on the phonological, vegetative growth, yield and yield related parameters. Days to 50%heading, days to 90% maturity, spike length and number of tiller per plant were significantly affected by the NPS fertilizer rate. Then we should or need to focus on micro nutrients that are considered useless by farmers as well as researchers because those micro nutrients deficiency today shows clinical symptoms at human beings especially on children and infant women. Fertilizer suppliers or cooperative unions should pay attention to supply or blended type of the fertilizer instead of supplying single elements, the fact that the government and recognized researchers should give due attention to blended fertilizer to increase production of food Barley.
| Published in | Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 10, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16 |
| Page(s) | 36-42 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Food Barley, NPS Fertilizer Rate, Yield and Yield Components
| [1] | Abedi, T., Alemzadeh, A., Kazemeini, S. A. 2010. Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on grain yield and protein banding pattern of wheat. Australian journal of crop science; 4 (6): 384–389. |
| [2] | Abiye A., Tekalign M., D. Peden, and M. Diedhiou. 2004. participatory on-farm conservation tillage trial in ethiopian highland vertisols: impact of potassium application on crop yield. expl. agriculture. 40: 369-379. |
| [3] | Alemayehu Adinew. 2015. Effect of seed source and rates on productivity of Food Barley (Hordium vilgare L.) varieties at Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia. MSc. Thesis Presented to School of Graduate Studies of Alemaya University, Ethiopia. pp. 70. |
| [4] | Allen V. and David J. 2007. Handbook of plant nutrition, CRC Press Taylor & Francis group New York. ISBN. 0-8247-5904-4. Ch-3 pp. 51-75 |
| [5] | Alnarp. 2013. Doctoral Thesis on Barley Genetic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Access date 05/02/2019. |
| [6] | Amare Aleminew and Adane Legas. 2015. Grain quality and yield response of malt barley and Local Knowledge, Proceedings of the International Workshop on Food Barley andNutrient management effects on soil organic carbon in rice-based cropping systems: Application on crop yield. expl. Agriculture. 40: 369-379. |
| [7] | Anonymous (2005). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http//www.fao.org. |
| [8] | Araya Alemie, Solomon Habtu, Mitiku Haile, Sisay F. and Tadesse Dejenie. 2011. Determination of Local Barley Crop Coefficient and Comparative Assessment of Water Productivity for. Crops Grown Under the Present Pond Water in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. 3 (1): 65-79 |
| [9] | Asresie Hassen, Molla Tafere, Mekonen Tolla, Seferew Dagnew, Abel Ahmed, Yihenew G. Selassie, Desallegn Molla and Alemu Worku. 2015. Best fit practice manual for food Barley production. BDU CASCAPE working paper 7. |
| [10] | Assefa Fenta, Maqsood, M., Akbar, M. and Yousaf, N. 2017. Effect of urea fertilizer on growth response of food barley. International of Journal Agricultural Biology, 1: 359-36. at: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/?#data/QCaccessiondate:5/3/2020. |
| [11] | Bereket H., Dawit H., Mehretab H. and Gebremedhin. G. (2014). Effects of Mineral Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Yield and Nutrient Utilization of food barley on the Sandy Soils of Hawzen District, Northern Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries. 3 (3) 2014, pp 189-198. |
| [12] | Berhanu Bekele, Fekadu Alemayehu and Berhane Lakew. 2005. Food barley in Ethiopia. Pp 53-82. In: Grando Stefania and Helena Gomez Macpherson (Eds). 2005. Food Barley: Importance, uses and local knowledge. Proceedings of the international workshop on Food barley improvement, 14-17. January 2002, Hammamet, Tunisia. ICARDA. Aleppo, Syria. Ppx +156. |
| [13] | Blattner and Frank. 2018. Taxonomy of the Genus Hordeum and Barley (Hordeum vulgare). 10.1007/978-3-319-92528-8_2. |
| [14] | Brady, N. C. and Weil R. R. 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soils, 13th edition, Pearson Education, USA. 960pp. |
| [15] | Central statistical agency (CSA).2016. Area and Production May, 2012 of Major Crops Private Peasant Holdings, Maher Season: Agricultural Sample Survey (Vol. 1) Statistical Bulletin 584 Addis Ababa May, 2016. |
| [16] | Central statistical agency (CSA). 2017. Area and Production of Major Crops Private Peasant Holdings, Maher Season: Agricultural Sample Survey (VOL. 1) Statistical Bulletin 584 Addis Ababa May, 2017 |
| [17] | Central statistical agency (CSA).2018. Report on Area and Production of Major Crops (Private Peasant Holdings, Me her Season): Agricultural Sample Survey. (Vol. 1), Statistical bulletin 586, April 2018. |
| [18] | Chalachew, B., 2019. Responses of Yield and Yield Components of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) To Seeding and NPS Rates in Farta District, Northwestern Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation). |
| [19] | Chilot Yirga, Brehane Lakew and Fekadu Alemayehu. 2000. On-farm evaluation of food barely production packages in the highlands of Welmera and Degem, Ethiopia. pp. 188-199 contribute significantly to the accumulation of organic sulfur reserves in the seed Plant Physiology. 126 (1): 176–187. |
| [20] | Dejene Kassahun Mengistu and Fetien Abay Abera, 2014. Growth and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as affected by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization and water regimes inTigray, Ethiopia. Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science (MEJS), V6 (1): 45-57, 2014. |
| [21] | DerebeTerefe, Temesgen Desalegn and Habtamu Ashagre (2018). Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Grain Yield and Quality of. MaltBarley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Varieties at Wolmera District, Central Highland of Ethiopia. International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences (IJRSAS), 4 (4) pp. 29-43, http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0404005 |
| [22] | Dewal GS, Pareek RG (2004). Effect of phosphorus, sulphur and zinc on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian J. Agron. 49 (39): 160-162. |
| [23] | Diriba Shiferaw, Rut Duga and Wogayehu. 2019. Effects of Blended Fertilizer Rates on Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Varieties on Growth and Yield Attributes. Journal of Ecology & Natural Resources. 3: 1-13. |
| [24] | Ethiopian economic association / Ethiopian economy policy research institute (eea/eepri). 2002/03. Annual report on the Ethiopian economy. Addis ababa, ethiopia. |
| [25] | Fairhurst, T. 2012. Handbook for integrated soil fertility management. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation. |
| [26] | FAOSTAT (2018). Production of Barley by region and country. Available Effect of Blended NPS Fertilizer Levels and Row Spacing on Yield Components and Yield of Food Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) at High Land of Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia.. Acad. Res. J. Agri. Sci. Res. 8 (6): 609-618. |
| [27] | Ghanbari A, Babaeian M, Esmaeilian Y, Tavassoliand A, Asgharzade A., 2012. The effect of cattle manure and chemical fertilizer on yield and yield component of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Afr. J. Agric. Res. 7 (3): 504-508. |
| [28] | Ghimire, R., Lamichhane, S., Acharya, B. S., Bista, P., Sainju, U. M. 2017. Tillage, crop residue, and nutrient management effects on soil organic carbon in rice-based cropping systems: A review. Journal of integrative agriculture; 16 (1): 1-15. |
| [29] | Grando, S. and Macepherson H. G. (eds). 2005. Food barley; Importance, uses and local Knowledge. Pp. 53-80. Procceding of the international workshop on food barley improvement. 14-17 January 2002, Hammament, Tunisia. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. |
| [30] | Haile Deressa, Nigussie Dechassa, Abdo W. and Girma F. 2013. Seeding rate and genotype effects on agronomic performance and grain protein content of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) in Southeastern Ethiopia. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 13 (3). |
| [31] | HARC (Holetta Agricultural Research Centre). 2006. Progress Report of the period Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia |
| [32] | ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas). 2008. Barley Improvement production, Allepo, Syria. |
| [33] | Imran M., Somroo Z. A., Qamar M. and Gurmani Z. A. 2005. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield and yield contributing characteristics of wheat. Sarhad. Journal of Agriculture, 21: 651-653. |
| [34] | Kemelew Muhe and Alemayehu Assefa. 2011. Diversity and Agronomic Potential of Landraces in Variable Production System, Ethiopia. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 7 (5): 599-603. |
| [35] | Ketema Niguse and Mulatu Kassaye. 2018. Response of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Varieties to Rates of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Limo District, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of natural sciences Research. 8 (15). |
| [36] | Kozak, M., Ml!dry, W. (2004). Statistical analysis of multiplicative crop yield components - background of yield modeling. Postwy Nauk Rolniczych 5, 13-25. (in Polish). |
| [37] | Laghari, G. M., Oad, F. C., Tunio, S., Gandahi, A. W., Siddiqui, M. H., Jagirani, A. W. and Oad, S. M. (2010). Growth, yield and nutrient uptake of various wheatcultivars under different fertilizer regimes. Sarhad J. Agric. 26 (4): 489-497. |
| [38] | Lake Mekonnen and Bezabih W/kiros. 2018. Response of Food Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L. to various levels of P fertilizer. International Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry, 5 (2): pp. 21-26. |
| [39] | Melkamu, H., Sigaye, M. H., Meteke, G. and Haile, W. (2019) Effects of Different Blended Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on Nitisols at Hulla District, Southern Ethiopia. |
| [40] | MekonnenAsrat. 2005. Response and uptake of barley (Hordeumirregulare L.) to different rates of Orga-P and nitrogen fertilizers on Nitisols of Gozamin District, Ethiopia. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University, Ethiopia. |
| [41] | Melaku Tafese Awulachew. (2019) “Effects of Blended Fertilizer (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur and Boron) Rates on Yield, Yield Components and Grain Quality of Crop, (DurumWheat)". Acta Scientific Agriculture 3.11 (2019): 91-99. |
| [42] | Melle Tilahun, Asfaw Azanaw and Getachew Tilahun. 2015. Participatory evaluation and promotion of improved food barley varieties in the highlands of Northwestern Ethiopia. Wudpecker, Journal of Agricultural Research, 4 (3): 050 – 053. |
| [43] | Mengel and Kirkby (1996). Principles of Plant Nutrition, Panimo Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, India. |
| [44] | Mesfin Kassa and Zemach Sors. 2015. Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizer rates on yield and yield Components of Barley (Hordeum vugarae L.) varieties at Damot Gale District, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 3 (6): 271- 275. |
| [45] | MinaleLiben, AlemayehuAssefa and TilahunTadesse. 2011. Grain yield and malting quality of barley in relation to nitrogen application at mid and high altitude in Northwest Ethiopia. Journal of Science and Development, 1 (1): 75-88. |
| [46] | Mirshekari, B. and Siyami, R., 2014. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) yield as affected by exposure time under physical priming techniques. International Journal of Biosciences (IJB), 4 (6), pp. 160-164. |
| [47] | Shafi, M., Bakht, J., Jalal, F., Khan, M. A. and Khattak, S. G., 2011. Effect of nitrogen application on yield and yield components of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 43 (3), pp. 1471-1475. |
| [48] | Mulatu Bayeh and Grando Stefania (Eds.). 2011. Barley Research and Development Ethiopia. Proceedings of the 2nd National Barley Research and Development Review Workshop 28-30 November, 2006. HARC, Holetta, Ethiopia. ICARDA. Aleppo Syria, pp. xiv + 391. |
| [49] | Mulugeta Seyoum., 2010. A Teaching Text on Cereals Pulse and Oil Seed Crops Production and Management, JUCAVM. |
| [50] | Muluken Bantayehu, 2013: Study on Malting Barley Genotypes under Diverse Agroecologies of North WesternEthiopia, Adet Agricultural Research center, P. O. Box 08, Bahirdar, Ethiopia Northern Ethiopia. 3 (1): 65-79. |
| [51] | Naceur A. B., hamed H. C., Jaime A., Silva T., Abdelly c., Naceur M. b. (2017). The response of two naked barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare L.) to four phosphorus fertilizerlevels. Journal of Agricultural and Crop Research. 5 (2): 17-24. |
| [52] | Noori M., Adibian M., Sobhkhizi A., Eyidozehi K. (2014). Effect of phosphorus fertilizer and mycorrhiza on protein percent, dry weight, weight of 1000 grain in wheat. Int. J. Plant, Anim. Environ. Sci. 4 (2): 561-564. |
| [53] | Ozturk A., Caglar O. and Bulut S. 2006. Growth and yield response of facultative wheat to winter sowing, freezing sowing and spring sowing at different seeding rates. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, 192: 10-16. |
| [54] | Pervez K., Yousuf M., Imitas M. and Islam M. 2009. Response of wheat to foliar and soil application of urea at different growth stages. Pakistan Journal of Agronomy, 41: 1197-1204. |
| [55] | ShahidurSashid, Solomon Lemma, James Warner, LulseggedKasa and Nicholas minot, 2015: barley value chain in Ethiopia: research for Ethiopia’s agriculture policy (reap): analytical support for the agricultural transformation agency (ATA). |
| [56] | Sisie S. A., Mirshekari B (2011). Effect of phosphorus fertilization and seed biofertilization On harvest index and phosphorus use efficiency of wheat cultivars. J. Food Agric. Environ. 9 (2): 388-391. |
| [57] | Sutaliya R, Gupta AK, Singh RN (2003). Yield attributes of barley as influenced by phosphorus, sulphur and their correlation and regression with yield. Crop Research (Hisar). 25 (3): 585-586. |
| [58] | Tabe L. M. and Droux M. 2001. Sulfur assimilation in developing lupin cotyledons could response to N x P fertilization in barley. Springer, Netherlands Rahim Naseri, Abas Soleymsanifard, Hamid Khoshkhabar, Amir Mirzaei and Kamvan. |
| [59] | Tagesse Abera, Ketema Belete and Tamado Tana. 2018. Effect of Blended NPS Fertilizer Supplemented with Nitrogen on Yield Components and Yield of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 8 (11): 90-96. |
| [60] | Tilahun Geleto, Tanner, Tekalign Mamo and Getinet Gebeyehu (1996). Response of rainfed bread and durum wheat to source, level and timing of nitrogen fertilizer at two Vertisol sites in Ethiopia. pp 128 - 132. |
| [61] | USDA (United States Department of Agriculture). 2017. Ethiopia Grain and Feed Annual Report. Global Agricultural Information Network (grain) Report ET-1503. Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington, DC. Retrieved July 22, 2017, from http://www.fas.usda.gov/data/ethiopia-grain-and feed-annual. |
| [62] | Wakene Tigre, Walelign Worku and Wassie Haile. 2014. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizer levels on growth and development of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at Bore district, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia. American Journal of Life Sciences, 2 (5): 260-266. |
| [63] | Woinshet Tamiru. 2007. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels on grain yield and malt quality of different malt barley (Hordeumvulgare L.) varieties in Shashemane woreda. MSc Thesis, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. |
| [64] | Woldeyesus Sinebo, Chilot Yirga and Rezene Fessehaye. 2000. On-farm fertilizer trial on food barley in Welmera area pp. 266-279. |
| [65] | Woldeyesus Sinebo, Chilot Yirga and Rezene Fessehaye, R. Gretzmacher and A. Edelbauer. 2002. Environment of selection for grain yield in low fertilizer input barley. Food Crop Science, 74: 151-16. |
| [66] | Woldeyesus Sinebo. 2005. Tradeoff between yield increase and yield stability in three decades of barley breeding in tropical highland environments, Field Crop Research. 92: 35-52. |
| [67] | Wosene Abitew, Berhane Lakew, Bettina I., Haussmann G. and Karl J. 2015. Ethiopian barley landraces show higher yield stability and comparable yield to improved varieties in multi-environment field trials. Journals of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 7 (8): 1-17. |
| [68] | Woubshet D., Selamyihun K. and Cherukuri V. (2017). Effect of integrated use of, blended fertilizer, on productivity, nutrient removal and economics of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on acid soils of high lands in West Showa Zone of Ethiopia. Int. J. of Life Sciences, 2017, Vol. 5 (3): 311-322. |
| [69] | Yared Tesfaye, Girma Teshome and Kabna Asefa. 2019. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers Rate on Yield and Yield Components of Tef at Adola District, Guji Zone, in Southern Ethiopia. American Journal of Agricultural Research, 4: 57. |
| [70] | Zelleke Gete, Agegnehu Getachew, Abera Dejene and Rashid Shahidur. 2010. Fertilizer and Soil Fertility Potential in Ethiopia: Constraints and opportunities for enhancing the system. Addis Ababa: International Food Policy Research Institute. |
| [71] | Ziebarth B., Scout P., and Sharifi M. 2009. Effect of straw and fertilizer nitrogen Management for spring barley on soil nitrogen supply to a subsequent potato crop. American Journal of Research, 86: 209-217. |
APA Style
Birhanu Gebeyehu, Tarikua Shumiye, Tigist Awoke. (2021). Review on: The Effect NPS Fertilizer Rate on Phenology, Growth and Yield Parameters of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 10(1), 36-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16
ACS Style
Birhanu Gebeyehu; Tarikua Shumiye; Tigist Awoke. Review on: The Effect NPS Fertilizer Rate on Phenology, Growth and Yield Parameters of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Agric. For. Fish. 2021, 10(1), 36-42. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16
AMA Style
Birhanu Gebeyehu, Tarikua Shumiye, Tigist Awoke. Review on: The Effect NPS Fertilizer Rate on Phenology, Growth and Yield Parameters of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Agric For Fish. 2021;10(1):36-42. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16,
author = {Birhanu Gebeyehu and Tarikua Shumiye and Tigist Awoke},
title = {Review on: The Effect NPS Fertilizer Rate on Phenology, Growth and Yield Parameters of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)},
journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {36-42},
doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20211001.16},
abstract = {Barley is one of the popular crops cultivated since ancient time in the world. Barley is one of the main cereal crops produced in the World and it is one of the most ancient crops among cereals and has played a significant role in the development of agriculture in the world. It is commonly used for food, animal feed and beverage value. The most important factors that reduce yield of barley is poor soil fertility, blanket recommendation of fertilizers, soil acidity (low soil pH), diseases and insects, poor crop management practices. The main objective of this paper is to review the effect of NPS fertilizer rates on food barley yield and yield components. Balanced fertilization is the key to sustainable crop production and maintenance of soil health. The yield of crop is depending upon the combined effect of many factors. Among these factors, the production and productivity is declining from time to time because of lack of combined application of input like recommended amount of fertilizers and management practices. Based on the review on the effect NPS fertilizer rate on phenology, growth and yield parameters of food barley. It has both economic and environmental consideration. The application of NPS fertilizer rates shows significant effect on growth, yield and yield components of food barley. It influence on the phonological, vegetative growth, yield and yield related parameters. Days to 50%heading, days to 90% maturity, spike length and number of tiller per plant were significantly affected by the NPS fertilizer rate. Then we should or need to focus on micro nutrients that are considered useless by farmers as well as researchers because those micro nutrients deficiency today shows clinical symptoms at human beings especially on children and infant women. Fertilizer suppliers or cooperative unions should pay attention to supply or blended type of the fertilizer instead of supplying single elements, the fact that the government and recognized researchers should give due attention to blended fertilizer to increase production of food Barley.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Review on: The Effect NPS Fertilizer Rate on Phenology, Growth and Yield Parameters of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) AU - Birhanu Gebeyehu AU - Tarikua Shumiye AU - Tigist Awoke Y1 - 2021/03/10 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16 DO - 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16 T2 - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries JF - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries JO - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries SP - 36 EP - 42 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5648 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.16 AB - Barley is one of the popular crops cultivated since ancient time in the world. Barley is one of the main cereal crops produced in the World and it is one of the most ancient crops among cereals and has played a significant role in the development of agriculture in the world. It is commonly used for food, animal feed and beverage value. The most important factors that reduce yield of barley is poor soil fertility, blanket recommendation of fertilizers, soil acidity (low soil pH), diseases and insects, poor crop management practices. The main objective of this paper is to review the effect of NPS fertilizer rates on food barley yield and yield components. Balanced fertilization is the key to sustainable crop production and maintenance of soil health. The yield of crop is depending upon the combined effect of many factors. Among these factors, the production and productivity is declining from time to time because of lack of combined application of input like recommended amount of fertilizers and management practices. Based on the review on the effect NPS fertilizer rate on phenology, growth and yield parameters of food barley. It has both economic and environmental consideration. The application of NPS fertilizer rates shows significant effect on growth, yield and yield components of food barley. It influence on the phonological, vegetative growth, yield and yield related parameters. Days to 50%heading, days to 90% maturity, spike length and number of tiller per plant were significantly affected by the NPS fertilizer rate. Then we should or need to focus on micro nutrients that are considered useless by farmers as well as researchers because those micro nutrients deficiency today shows clinical symptoms at human beings especially on children and infant women. Fertilizer suppliers or cooperative unions should pay attention to supply or blended type of the fertilizer instead of supplying single elements, the fact that the government and recognized researchers should give due attention to blended fertilizer to increase production of food Barley. VL - 10 IS - 1 ER -
Email: